India’s Labour Codes 2025: Reconstructing the Legal Architecture of Work in a Transforming Economy
Introduction India is at a pivotal moment in the development of its regulatory framework governing its workforce through labour law reforms. The consolidation of the previously existing four Comprehensive Labour Codes into 1 complete Code which consolidates all 29 Central Labour Laws is not merely an updating of existing legislation; it has resulted in a […]
When Pollution Enters the Courtroom: How the Supreme Court’s Shift to Virtual Hearings Reflects a New Era of Climate-Driven Judicial Operations
The Supreme Court of India has recently announced that the lawyers should argue their cases online since the environment of New Delhi is under the hazardous conditions wherein the air quality has reached to the almost lower level, making it problematic for the people to breathe. For decades, Delhi’s pollution has been taken as a […]
Privacy Compliance in the Digital Age Global Obligations for Online Platforms
The emergence of the Internet and its platforms have greatly impacted the global economy, as the internet allows for cross-border purchases, communications, and data exchanges with ease. However, the rapid growth has raised privacy issues surrounding how personal data is protected. Each platform on the Internet (i.e., e-commerce marketplace, banking service, or social media platform, […]
Privacy Policies and Data Breach Risks
Introduction In the digital era, personal data has emerged as one of the most valuable business assets. Nonetheless, as the reliance on digital systems is growing, the threat of data breaches has also been growing at a very rapid pace. This increasing susceptibility has both rendered privacy policies a legal necessity as well as an […]
Turning Liability into Legitimacy Online
Introduction The digital marketplace of today has created an online business that can be established in days and ruined in minutes. One dispute, one violation of privacy, one misunderstanding of the service requirements can result in harm to reputation or expensive lawsuits. It is in this place where Terms and Conditions (T&C)- which are usually […]
Digital Trade and Data Regulation under CEPA – The Emerging UAE-India Model
Introduction In describing the development of bilateral trade agreements, the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) between the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and India, which was signed on February 18, 2022, is a milestone. In this agreement, there are 18 chapters which contain a mention of trade in goods, service, investment, digital trade and data regulation. […]
India’s Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreements (CEPA)
Introduction The deeper bilateral trade arrangements of India are sometimes referred to as CEPA; India also has almost similar agreements with terms such as CECA/CECPA/CEPA with the various partners. Consider below such a combination of comprehensive economic partnership tools (goods, services, investment, economic cooperation) as a family and profile five key partners: South Korea, Japan, […]
Reviewing a Decade Partnership of the India–Japan
Introduction In February 2011, India and Japan signed the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA), the purpose of which is to establish a robust trade and investment relationship between the two countries. The treaty did not only involve a reduction of tariffs, it also sought to liberalise services, safeguard intellectual property, and enhance deeper economic integration. […]
COMPREHENSIVE ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENTS
Introduction The India-UAE Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) that became effective on May 1, 2022, is a radical change in the bilateral economic relationships between the two countries. The pace at which this agreement was negotiated is highly remarkable, as the agreement took only 88 days between its inception and finalisation, which is the shortest […]
Comprehensive Analysis of Tariff Schedules Under India-UAE CEPA
Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) The India-UAE Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) that became effective on May 1, 2022, is a radical change in the bilateral economic relationships between the two countries. The pace at which this agreement was negotiated is highly remarkable, as the agreement took only 88 days between its inception and finalisation, […]